Title: Data from: DNA methylation of two heat-stress genes in redband trout from contrasting thermal environments DOI: 10.7923/gmx1-8g34 Data, code and/or products within this dataset support the following manuscript: Manuscript Title: DNA methylation of two heat-stress genes in redband trout from contrasting thermal environments Journal: Conservation Genetics DOI: ### PENDING REVIEW ### Description/Abstract: Dataset includes supporting environmental data for sequencing data submitted to NCBI SRA database BioProject PRJNA1016365, and utilized within the following peer-reviewed manuscript in *Conservation Genetics* (###DOI Pending Review###). Epigenetic variation is a potential pathway for rapid response to environmental change and may influence local adaptation at the population level through population by environment interactions. Here, we focus on the most well-understood mechanism of epigenetic variation, DNA-methylation. Previous lab studies have shown consistent ecotypic variation in DNA-methylation, but few have attempted to quantify epigenetic variation in natural populations. We developed a study to compare levels of DNA-methylation in two heat-stress related genes in redband trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss gairdneri) from contrasting environments. We sampled trout populations from cold montane and warm desert streams at repeated intervals, collecting tissue samples that were used for epigenetic analysis and levels of DNA-methylation (percent methylation) were quantified using targeted bisulfite sequencing. There were no differences among fish from contrasting ecotypes in methylation at heat shock protein 70 (HSP70) or heat shock protein 47 (HSP47), indicating that seasonal changes in DNA methylation may occur at finer spatial scales than at the level of ecotype. However, there was significant variation in DNA methylation level between montane populations at heat shock protein 47. These findings suggest that DNA methylation is unlikely to act as a source of plastic adaptive phenotypic variation in natural redband trout populations and therefore may not contribute greatly to thermal adaptation in coldwater fishes. Further research is needed to better inform whether and when DNA methylation might act as a of adaptive phenotypic variation, and more specifically, how population-level adaptation may influence epigenetic change in wild populations. **Data Use** *License*: Attribution 4.0 International ([CC-BY 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/legalcode)) *Recommended Citation*: Kline BC, Williams BR, Loxterman JL, Keeley ER. 2023. Data from: DNA methylation of two heat-stress genes in redband trout from contrasting thermal environments [Dataset]. University of Idaho. https://doi.org/10.7923/gmx1-8g34 **Funding** US National Science Foundation and Idaho EPSCoR: [OIA-1757324](https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1757324) Resource URL: https://data.nkn.uidaho.edu/dataset/data-dna-methylation-two-heat-stress-genes-redband-trout-contrasting-thermal-environments Creator(s): 1. Benjamen C Kline Unique identifier: NULL Affiliation(s): Idaho State University 2. Brigette R Williams Unique identifier: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0052-4990 Affiliation(s): Idaho State University 3. Janet L Loxterman Unique identifier: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9225-8313 Affiliation(s): Idaho State University 4. Ernest R Keeley Unique identifier: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2633-1361 Affiliation(s): Idaho State University Other Contributor(s): 1. Andrew Wright Child Unique identifier: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6666-0739 Affiliation(s): University of Idaho Role: Data manager Publisher: University of Idaho Publication Year: 2023 Language(s): American English Subject(s): 1. Natural Sciences 1.6 Biological Sciences Keywords/Tags: adaptation; climate change; common garden; ecology; epigenetics; gene/genome/genotype-environment interaction (GxE); Oncorhynchus mykiss gairdneri (Redband Trout); phenotypic plasticity; wildlife; thermal tolerance; heat shock protein Resource Type General: Dataset Dates: NULL Date available for the public: 2024-06-30 or upon publication of a peer reviewed scientific manuscript, whichever comes first Sizes: 67 KB Format(s): csv, txt, xml Version: NULL Funding References: US National Science Foundation and Idaho EPSCoR Award Number: OIA-1751324 Award Title: RII Track-1: Linking Genome to Phenome to Predict Adaptive Responses of Organisms to Changing Landscapes Award URL: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1757324 Spatial/Geographical Coverage Location: Study Area Description: southwestern Idaho USA Geospatial Extent: Easting: -116.025399 Westing: -116.952848 Northing: 44.5556 Southing: 42.548799 Temporal Coverage: Start Date: 2020-06-05 End Date: 2020-10-24 Granularity of the Data: NULL Contact Info: Contact Name: Benjamen Kline Contact Email: klineben@msu.edu Related Content: NULL Data/Code Files: RBE_Data_2020-Dictionary: tab separated data dictionary for attributes within RBE_Data_2020.csv RBE_Data_2020.csv: Supporting environmental data collected from June-October 2020 on redband trout (O. mykiss giardneri) from south-western Idaho. Fin clips and gill biopsy samples were collected and are housed at conservation genetics lab at Idaho State university. RBE-sequenceLibrary-data-dictionary.txt: tab separated data dictionary for attributes within RBE-sequenceLibrary-data.csv RBE-sequenceLibrary-data.csv: Data compiled to support sequencing files derived from biological samples collected between June-October 2020 on redband trout (O. mykiss giardneri) from south-western Idaho. Fin clips and gill biopsy samples were collected and are housed at conservation genetics lab at Idaho State university. readme.txt: project metadata in readme.txt format gmx1-8g34.xml: project metadata in DataCite xml format